Mosasamala kanthu za kagwiridwe ka ntchito, mtengo kapena chitetezo, mabatire okhazikika amtundu uliwonse ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yosinthira mphamvu zamafuta ndikuzindikira njira yopita ku magalimoto amagetsi atsopano.
Monga amene anayambitsa zida za cathode monga LiCoO2, LiMn2O4 ndi LiFePO4, Goodenough amadziwika bwino pankhani yamabatire a lithiamu-ionndipo alidi "bambo wa mabatire a lithiamu-ion".
M'nkhani yaposachedwa mu NatureElectronics, John B. Goodenough, yemwe ali ndi zaka 96, akuwunikira mbiri ya kupangidwa kwa batri ya lithiamu-ion yowonjezeredwa ndikuwonetsa njira yopita patsogolo.
M’zaka za m’ma 1970, ku United States kunabuka vuto la mafuta. Pozindikira kudalira kwake kudalira mafuta ochokera kunja, boma linayamba ntchito yaikulu yokonza mphamvu za dzuwa ndi mphepo. Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi mphepo,mabatire owonjezeransopotsirizira pake zinafunikira kusunga magwero a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi zoyera zimenezi.
Chinsinsi cha kulipiritsa kobweza ndi kutulutsa ndikusinthidwanso kwa ma chemical reaction!
Panthawiyo, mabatire ambiri omwe salinso omwe salinso amatha kugwiritsa ntchito lithiamu negative electrode ndi organic electrolytes. Kuti tikwaniritse mabatire omwe amatha kuchangidwa, aliyense adayamba kugwira ntchito yolumikizira ma lifiyamu osinthika kukhala ma cathodes osinthika achitsulo cha sulfide. Stanley Whittingham wa ExxonMobil adapeza kuti kubweza kosinthika ndi kutulutsa kumatha kutheka ndi chemistry yolumikizana pogwiritsa ntchito wosanjikiza wa TiS2 ngati zida za cathode, zomwe zimatuluka zimakhala LiTiS2.
Selo limeneli, lomwe linapangidwa ndi Whittingham mu 1976, linagwira ntchito bwino poyambirira. Komabe, pambuyo mobwerezabwereza kubwereza ndi kutulutsa, lithiamu dendrites anapanga mkati mwa selo, yomwe inakula kuchokera ku zoipa kupita ku electrode yabwino, kupanga dera lalifupi lomwe lingathe kuyatsa electrolyte. Kuyesera uku, kachiwiri, kunalephera!
Panthawiyi, Goodenough, yemwe anasamukira ku Oxford, ankafufuza kuchuluka kwa lithiamu yomwe ingathe kuchotsedwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zosanjikiza za LiCoO2 ndi LiNiO2 cathode isanasinthe. Pomaliza, iwo akwaniritsa zosinthika de-embedding oposa theka la lifiyamu ku zinthu cathode.
Kafukufukuyu adatsogolera Akira Yoshino waku AsahiKasei kuti akonzekere woyambabatire ya lithiamu-ion yowonjezeredwa: LiCoO2 monga elekitirodi zabwino ndi graphtic mpweya monga elekitirodi negative. Batire iyi idagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'mafoni oyambilira a Sony.
Pofuna kuchepetsa mtengo komanso kukonza chitetezo. Batire yokhazikika yokhazikika yokhazikika yolimba ngati electrolyte ikuwoneka ngati njira yofunikira pachitukuko chamtsogolo.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, akatswiri a zamankhwala aku Europe adagwira ntchito yoyika ma ion a lithiamu kukhala zida zosinthira zitsulo za sulfide. Panthawi imeneyo, ma electrolyte amtundu wa mabatire omwe amatha kuwonjezeredwa anali makamaka amphamvu acidic ndi alkaline amadzimadzi electrolytes monga H2SO4 kapena KOH. Chifukwa, mu ma electrolyte awa amadzimadzi, H + ili ndi ma diffusivity abwino.
Pa nthawi imeneyo, kwambiri khola rechargeable mabatire anapangidwa ndi wosanjikiza NiOOH monga chuma cathode ndi amphamvu zamchere amadzimadzi electrolyte monga electrolyte. h + ikhoza kulowetsedwa mu kathode yosanjikiza ya NiOOH kuti ipange Ni(OH)2. vuto linali loti ma electrolyte amadzimadzi amachepetsa mphamvu ya batire, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ikhale yochepa.
Mu 1967, Joseph Kummer ndi NeillWeber a Ford Motor Company adapeza kuti Na+ ili ndi katundu wabwino wosakanikirana mu ceramic electrolytes pamwamba pa 300 ° C. Kenako anatulukira batire ya Na-S yochagikanso: sodium yosungunuka ngati electrode yoyipa ndi sulfure yosungunuka yomwe ili ndi magulu a kaboni monga electrode yabwino. Chotsatira chake, adatulukira batire ya Na-S yowonjezeredwanso: sodium yosungunuka ngati electrode yoipa, sulfure yosungunuka yomwe ili ndi bandi ya carbon monga electrode yabwino, ndi ceramic yolimba ngati electrolyte. Komabe, kutentha kwa 300 ° C kunapangitsa kuti batire iyi ikhale yosatheka kugulitsa.
Mu 1986, Goodenough adazindikira batire ya lithiamu yokhazikika yokhazikika popanda m'badwo wa dendrite pogwiritsa ntchito NASICON. Pakalipano, mabatire a lithiamu ndi sodium okhazikika amtundu uliwonse opangidwa ndi ma electrolyte olimba monga NASICON akhala akugulitsidwa.
Mu 2015, MariaHelena Braga wa ku yunivesite ya Porto anasonyezanso insulating porous okusayidi olimba electrolyte ndi lithiamu ndi sodium ion madutsidwe madutsidwe ofanana ndi organic electrolytes panopa ntchito lithiamu-ion mabatire.
Mwachidule, mosasamala kanthu za ntchito, mtengo kapena chitetezo, mabatire okhazikika-okhazikika ndi abwino kwambiri kuti alowe m'malo mwa mphamvu zamagetsi ndipo potsirizira pake amazindikira njira yopita ku magalimoto atsopano amphamvu!
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-25-2022