Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 21, ndi kukwera kwamagetsi ogula monga mafoni a m'manja, mapiritsi, zida zovala ndi ma drones, kufunika kwamabatire a lithiamuwaona kuphulika kumene sikunachitikepo. Kufunika kwapadziko lonse kwa mabatire a lithiamu kukukulirakulira pamlingo wa 40% mpaka 50% chaka chilichonse, ndipo dziko lapansi lapanga ma charger okwana 1.2 biliyoni amagetsi atsopano ndi mabatire amagetsi opitilira 1 miliyoni amagetsi amagetsi, 80% yamagetsi amagetsi amagetsi. Msika waku China. Malinga ndi deta ya Gartner: Pofika 2025, mphamvu ya batri ya lithiamu padziko lonse idzafika 5.7 biliyoni Ah, ndi kukula kwapachaka kwa 21.5%. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo komanso kuwongolera mtengo, batire ya Li-ion yakhala njira yopikisana yamtengo wapatali kuposa batire yachikhalidwe ya lead-acid mu batire yamagetsi yamagetsi atsopano.
1.Mayendedwe aukadaulo
Lifiyamu batire luso akupitiriza kukhala, kuyambira kale zipangizo ternary kuti apamwamba mphamvu kachulukidwe lithiamu chitsulo mankwala zipangizo, tsopano kusintha kwa lithiamu chitsulo mankwala ndi zipangizo ternary, ndi ndondomeko cylindrical ndi lalikulu. M'munda wamagetsi ogula, mabatire a cylindrical lithiamu iron phosphate pang'onopang'ono akusintha mabatire amtundu wa cylindrical ndi square lithiamu iron phosphate; kuchokera pakugwiritsa ntchito batri yamagetsi, kuyambira pomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka pano, kuchuluka kwa ma batire amphamvu akuwonjezeka chaka ndi chaka. Pakali pano mayiko ambiri padziko lonse mphamvu batire ntchito chiŵerengero cha pafupifupi 63%, akuyembekezeka kufika pafupifupi 72% mu 2025. M'tsogolo, ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo ndi kuwongolera mtengo, lifiyamu batire mankhwala dongosolo akuyembekezeka kukhala khola ndi kupereka msika wotakata. danga.
2.Mawonekedwe a Market
Batire ya Li-ion ndi mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza wa batri yamagetsi ndipo imakhala ndi ntchito zambiri pamagalimoto amagetsi atsopano, ndipo kufunikira kwa msika kwa batire ya Li-ion ndi yayikulu. Ah, kukwera ndi 44.2% pachaka. Pakati pawo, kupanga Ningde Times kunali 41.7%; BYD idakhala yachiwiri, ndi 18.9% yopanga. Ndi kukula kosalekeza kwa mphamvu mabizinesi kupanga, ndi chitsanzo mpikisano wa lifiyamu batire makampani akukhala aukali, Ningde Times, BYD ndi mabizinezi ena akupitiriza kukulitsa gawo lawo msika chifukwa cha ubwino wawo, pamene Ningde Times wafika mgwirizano njira ndi Samsung SDI ndipo wakhala mmodzi wa ambiri mphamvu batire sapulaya Samsung SDI; BYD akupitiriza kuonjezera ndalama m'munda wa mabatire mphamvu chifukwa cha ubwino wake luso, ndipo tsopano mu BYD kupanga mphamvu masanjidwe m'munda wa mabatire mphamvu pang'onopang'ono bwino ndipo analowa siteji ya kupanga yaikulu; BYD ali kwambiri mozama ndi mwatsatanetsatane wa kumtunda zipangizo lifiyamu, mkulu faifi tambala ternary lifiyamu, graphite dongosolo mankhwala atha kukwaniritsa zofunika makampani ambiri lifiyamu batire.
3.Kusanthula kwazinthu za batri ya lithiamu
Kuchokera ku mankhwala, pali zida za cathode (kuphatikizapo lithiamu cobaltate zipangizo ndi lithiamu manganate), zipangizo zoipa zamagetsi (kuphatikizapo lithiamu manganate ndi lithiamu iron phosphate), electrolyte (kuphatikizapo sulfate solution ndi nitrate solution), ndi diaphragm (kuphatikiza LiFeSO4 ndi LiFeNiO2). Kuchokera kuzinthu zakuthupi, zitha kugawidwa muzinthu zabwino komanso zoyipa zama elekitirodi. Mabatire a lithiamu-ion nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito cathode kuti apititse patsogolo kuyendetsa bwino, pomwe amagwiritsa ntchito lithiamu ngati cathode; electrode negative pogwiritsa ntchito nickel-cobalt-manganese aloyi; zipangizo cathode makamaka NCA, NCA + Li2CO3 ndi Ni4PO4, etc.; elekitirodi zoipa monga ion batire mu cathode chuma ndi diaphragm ndi wovuta kwambiri, khalidwe lake mwachindunji zimakhudza ntchito ya lithiamu-ion mabatire. Kuti mupeze ndalama zambiri komanso kutulutsa mphamvu zenizeni komanso moyo wautali, lithiamu iyenera kukhala ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso moyo wautali. Ma electrode a lithiamu amagawidwa kukhala mabatire olimba-boma, mabatire amadzimadzi ndi ma polima molingana ndi zinthuzo, zomwe ma cell amafuta a polima ndiukadaulo wokhwima wokhala ndi phindu lamtengo wapatali ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafoni am'manja ndi zida zina zamagetsi; mphamvu zolimba-boma chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu komanso kutsika mtengo kogwiritsa ntchito, koyenera kusungirako mphamvu ndi magawo ena; ndi mphamvu ya polima chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi komanso mtengo wotsika koma wocheperako wogwiritsa ntchito, woyenera pakiti ya batri ya lithiamu. Ma cell amafuta a polima amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafoni am'manja, ma laputopu ndi makamera a digito; ukadaulo wa batri wokhazikika pakali pano uli pagawo loyesera.
4.Kupanga ndondomeko ndi kusanthula mtengo
Mabatire a lithiamu amagetsi a Consumer electronics amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma cell voltages, omwe amapangidwa makamaka ndi zinthu zabwino komanso zoyipa zama elekitirodi ndi zida za diaphragm. Magwiridwe ndi mtengo wa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana za cathode zimasiyana kwambiri, kumene kugwiritsira ntchito bwino kwa zipangizo za cathode, kutsika mtengo, pamene kusayenda bwino kwa zipangizo za diaphragm, kumakhala kokwera mtengo. Malinga ndi data ya China Industry Information Network ikuwonetsa kuti ogula zamagetsi lifiyamu batire zabwino ndi zoipa elekitirodi zipangizo ndi 50% mpaka 60% ya mtengo wonse. Zinthu zabwino zimapangidwa makamaka ndi zinthu zoipa koma mtengo wake umaposa 90%, ndipo chifukwa chakukwera kwamtengo wamtengo wapatali, mtengo wamtengo wapatali umakula pang'onopang'ono.
5.Zipangizo zothandizira zofunikira za zipangizo
Ambiri, lithiamu batire msonkhano zipangizo zikuphatikizapo jekeseni akamaumba makina, laminating makina, ndi otentha kutsiriza mzere, etc. jekeseni akamaumba makina: ntchito kupanga lalikulu kukula mabatire lifiyamu, makamaka ntchito kukhala ndi digiri yapamwamba kwambiri ya zochita zokha pa msonkhano ndondomeko, pokhala ndi chisindikizo chabwino. Malinga ndi kufunikira kwa kupanga, imatha kukhala ndi zisankho zofananira, kuti muzindikire kudulidwa kolondola kwa zida zonyamula (pachimake, zinthu zoyipa, diaphragm, ndi zina zambiri) ndi envelopu. Makina ojambulira: Zida izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popereka njira yosungira mphamvu ya batri ya lithiamu, yomwe imakhala ndi magawo awiri akulu: kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kuwongolera liwiro.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-11-2022